american and regional culture apush definition

Meanwhile, millions of other American men and women left their homes to contribute to wartime industries in cities across the United States. It is important to note that this lifestyle was an ideal for women. Young Americans often learned about these injustices and social issues in their college classrooms. Increasingly, European colonizers focused on what they perceived to be the inherent sinfulness and backwardness of Native American lifestyles and employed increasingly persistent methods of Christianizing the local populations. As the war ended, the settling of these migration patterns led to new forms of art and literature that expressed changing attitudes about the United States and one’s role as an American. When possible, Catholic families sent their children to parochial schools, which would preserve religious customs in education. Young Americans also rebelled in inter-generational divides through Rock and Roll music, which was the first genre of music truly tailored to teenagers. The Americas, also known as America, are lands of the Western Hemisphere, composed of numerous entities and regions variably defined by geography, politics, and culture.. Groups like Students for a Democratic Society (founded in 1960) took a broad approach of criticizing not only the Vietnam War but other injustices in American society like poverty and racism. He and Douglass joined together for lecture circuits, which eventually led to the publication of Douglass’ biography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. The post-war era was not equally positive for all groups, though. Hippies often wore long hair and casual, colorful clothing. Often contextualized within the age of “Jacksonian Democracy,” the general logic was that the United States should be invested in creating an educated public so that the growing class of American voters would be well-informed ones. Some, but not all, Hippies took part in political activities. Some groups, however, rejected liberal policies under the argument that leaders did too little to actively transform the disparities and immoral policies they identified. Within these schools, students used tools like Noah Webster’s American Dictionary (first published in 1806) and Webster’s Blue-Black Speller to standardize literacy and create a common American English. Agriculture is the science, art and practice of cultivating plants and livestock. From 1919 to 1920, a series of investigations called Palmer Raids allowed the Justice Department to ransack the homes and businesses of thousands of suspected radicals. This battle came to a head with the Scopes Monkey Trial. In the late 18th century, the war between Britain and France heightened tensions between the Federalists and Democratic-Republican factions, who (despite American neutrality) saw each other as enacting policies to favor one side or the other in the conflict. The Romantic movement also influenced architectural styles like the Federal-style of Jefferson’s Rotunda. Conversely, in the same period, land previously claimed by the colonies of Virginia and North Carolina became the slave states of Kentucky and Tennessee. The AP U.S. History curriculum does not specifically lay out thematic objectives for this time period relating to American and Regional Culture. From roughly the 1820s to the 1840s, Irish and German immigrants made their way to the United States as part of “Old” immigration. As the Vietnam War escalated, young Americans participated in anti-war protests that increased in frequency and sometimes led to violence. The Second Great Awakening also led to the emergence of new utopian communities based on socialist ideals and the hope of creating a perfect human society. He established UNIA in 1917, with the message of going “Back to Africa” - where black Americans could practice their customs. By 1800, New York and Vermont joined the ranks. The largest degree of cultural separation existed between the collective European colonial powers and the various Native American tribes they encountered. In addition to traditional coursework, professors staged teach-ins at universities across the United States. I. At a press conference in 1967, he remarked that whereas Jim Crow was responsible for the mistreatment of millions of African Americans in the U.S., “I ain’t got no quarrel with those Vietcong.”. In what ways do creative expression, demographic change, personal beliefs, and innovation shape American culture and policies? After witnessing the racial discrimination faced by African Americans following the Great Migration, Garvey was convinced that peaceful integration could not work. Puritanism in Colonial America helped shape American culture, politics, religion, society, and history well into the 19th century. Poet Langston Hughes was considerably more successful, publishing famous works such as “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” (1921), “I, Too” (1926), and “Let America be America Again.”. Whereas the First Great Awakening led to the splintering of Protestant faiths into more denominations (which also occurred to an extent during the Second Great Awakening), the Second Great Awakening had three major effects. However, students should generally be able to discuss the ways that industrialization and “New” Immigration led to changes in American and Regional Culture. AP.USH: ARC (Theme), KC‑4.1.II.B (KC), KC‑4.1.II.C (KC), Unit 4: Learning Objective I. Musician Louis Armstrong was especially famous for his distinctive singing voice and impeccable skill on the trumpet. Black artists often spared no words in calling out white hypocrisy and atrocities (past and present) against the African American community. Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) explains the intricate play of forces including race, gender, labor, and inter-generational conflict within the black community before and after the Civil War. Spain received the bulk of territory in the Americas, compensating Portugal with titles to lands in Africa and Asia. Despite its roots in the African American community (a mixture of blues, jazz, gospel, and swing), the white artists like Elvis Presley who capitalized (unfairly) on Rock and Roll also gave a voice to marginalized rural whites and made them dominant consumers of the music market. Thus, the states could nullify or refuse to enforce the Alien and Sedition Acts. Young men and women of the Hippie movement also sometimes lived together in communes - collective communities sharing all possessions. The AP U.S. History curriculum does not specifically lay out thematic objectives for this time period relating to American and Regional Culture. More likely, students can use them as evidence in a prompt about the Enlightenment more generally. While the period between the French and Indian War and the American Revolution is certainly wrought with a considerable amount of questioning about cultural and political identity in the colonies, the curriculum chooses to more closely align that portion of this period with the theme of “America in the World.” This makes sense, given the intricate interplay between the colonies and England, as well as the alliances between France and various Native American tribes during the period. At the convention, some attendees signed a “Declaration of Sentiments,” which used the language of the Declaration of Independence to dramatize the hypocrisy of gender discrimination in the United States. Two leading abolitionist publications emerged within this period as well - William Lloyd Garrison’s The Liberator and Frederick Douglass’ The North Star. Underline your specific evidence, and be sure to address the full prompt. As part of the greater Black Power Movement, African Americans of the late 1960s and 1970s largely subscribed to the dogma of “Black is beautiful” and advocated for the transformation of stereotypes about black culture. In addition the period… A. African American songs and artists that made it in front of white audiences did play a role in extending messages of black culture and the black experience. The first abolitionist society in the United States was founded by Quakers in Pennsylvania in 1775. Throughout the early to mid-19th century, women partook in various social reforms in addition to their domestic lives, often contributing to more than one social effort. At the onset of the “Roaring Twenties,” African Americans living in densely-populated Northern cities contributed to a new artistic and civil rights movement called the Harlem Renaissance. In 1968, violent riots broke out at an anti-war protest outside the Democratic National Convention in Chicago. The decrease was due, in part, to rebellions like those led by Denmark Vesey (1822) and Nat Turner (1831), which led to the deaths of Southern whites. Brook Farm was a utopian society unlike the Shakers and Oneida in the sense that it had no religious affiliation. In the early part of the colonial period, English settlers like those at Jamestown relied on intellectual exchanges with local tribes for survival. As the war escalated, so did the protests. The American Antislavery Society (1833) formed with the goal of immediate emancipation of all slaves. Mann also insisted that public schools should be free of religious affiliation and open to students of all ethnic backgrounds. German immigrants came in search of religious and political freedom. During the pre-revolutionary period, sailors and revolutionaries increasingly adopted the use of flags onshore for use in their cause of resistance. Khan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Writers of the Harlem Renaissance similarly conveyed the struggles of African Americans in the North and South. Despite this paternalistic argument, growing abolitionist societies of that era continued to push for emancipation. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. NAT-2.0: Explain how interpretations of the Constitution and debates over rights, liberties, and definitions of citizenship have affected American values, politics, and society. Rallying support for the two cabinet leaders led to the emergence of political factions - Federalists who supported Hamilton and Democratic-Republicans who supported Jefferson. Tensions ran especially high as these divisions often occurred within single households. American exceptionalism. Additionally, the federal government went after him for mail fraud, indicting him in 1922. Hamilton saw the United States as a nation whose destiny lay in manufacturing and international trade, whereas Jefferson envisioned a land of sprawling agriculture run by yeoman farmers. The Shakers were a utopian community founded on the religious premise that their leader, Mother Ann, represented the beginning of the millennium (the period following the return of Jesus in the Bible). Within Washington’s cabinet, Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson presented battling visions for the United States’ future. Temperance leaders faced backlash, however, from Irish and German immigrants, who viewed alcohol consumption as core to their cultural beliefs (and sometimes religious ceremonies). While there, his movement and organization largely fell apart. Reformers like Horace Mann - the “Father of American Education” and Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education - called for free public schooling taught by well-trained teachers. The Hudson River School crafted landscape paintings as an outgrowth of the Romantic movement that was highly nationalistic in their praise of American natural beauty and critical of industrialization. Organizations like Focus on the Family advocated for traditional gender norms and a nuclear family model. Accused of libel against the governor in New York, Zenger was acquitted on the basis that the information printed in his paper - while perhaps scandalous - was, in fact, true. Various American Indian groups repeatedly evaluated and adjusted their alliances with Europeans, other tribes, and the U.S., seeking to limit migration of white settlers and maintain control of tribal lands and natural resources. However, students should know that Native American tribes had varying regional cultures, and should be aware of the differences among those cultures. Sign up now for instant access to 2 amazing downloads to help you get a 5. APUSH Period Review Guides: Period 1 (1491-1607) Description: On a North American continent controlled by American Indians, contact among the peoples of Europe, the Americas, and West Africa created a new world. Emboldened by wartime service and the passage of the 19th Amendment, American women took on new ideas of socialization and dress. Along the Colorado River, Native Americans gathered a variety of wild food and planted some tobacco. In the 1960s and 1970s, members of the counterculture movement became known as Hippies - “hip” coming from the earlier Beat generation. Until this point, we have focused primarily on the development of culture as it emerged from initial interactions with Native Americans and various competing European nations in the colonial period to national debates and unifying symbols in the 19th century. Newton’s mathematical work in the Scientific Revolution invented calculus, allowing astronomists to predict planetary trajectory. Though certainly not anywhere close to the issues that would spring up thirty years later, the Zenger case laid the foundation for colonists to stand up to royal officials and laid claim to a case for freedom of speech. Now a critically-acclaimed writer, Hurston died in 1960 with so little money that she was buried in an unmarked grave until 1973.

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