coconut diseases and management
Tapering of the terminal portion of the trunk. Remove the rotten portions from the spear and the two adjacent leaves. Coconut trees are fairly low maintenance, interesting specimens for the home garden. Spores and the resting structures on the affected portion of the leaves served as inoculum for further spread through the wind. Provide adequate irrigation during summer and drainage during rainy season along with recommended fertilizer. aggravates the disease. Ganoderma appears at the base of the trunk. Flowering is delayed and also yield considerably reduced. Phytophthora palmivora. Help, My Coconut Fruit is Wilting! Coconut diseases and their management. There is no chemical control for this disease, which will kill … Application of recommended dose of fertilizers Drip or basin method of irrigation Frequent watering or irrigation especially during summer months. Disease Management. “TNAU Agritech Portal :: Crop Protection.”TNAU AGRITECH PORTAL. The characteristic symptom is the flaccidity of leaflets. Occasionally, they can be severe during long periods of wet weather, and/or where palms are growing in nutritionally poor soil. Integrated Pest Management for Slug Caterpillar. In adult palms, the first visible symptom is the color change of the spear, which becomes pale and breaks at the base and hangs down. The major diseases of coconut palm include the following: Stem Bleeding; Bud Rot; Leaf rot; Root (wilt) disease; Mahali; Thanjavur wilt; Crown chocking; Grey Leaf Spot; Leaf blight; Tatipaka Disease Coconut scale insect pests are common in coconuts as its name suggests but in severe infestation could spread to perennial fruit trees. Pestalotiopsis leaf spot (Pestalotiopsis palm arum) sign. Management (i) Cultural Method: Remove and burn all dead coconut trees in the garden (which are likely to serve as breeding ground) to maintain good sanitation. 1. The solution to be taken in a polythene bag or bottle and the cut end of the root should be dipped in the solution). Common Names of Plant Diseases...R. Ploetz, N. Harrison, and P. Jones, primary collators (last update 7/12/99) BACTERIAL DISEASES Bacterial bud rot Erwinia spp. Application of an additional quantity of 2 kgs of MOP. The mites suck sap from young nuts. The rotting slowly progresses downwards, finally affecting the meristem and killing the palms. The nut becomes small and distorted. Spray with Copper Oxychloride 0.25% after the onset of Monsoon. Pour fungicide solution of Hexaconazole (Contact 5E) – 2ml or Mancozeb (Indifil M45) – 3g in 300ml water per palm to the base of spindle leaf. Remove all the affected tissue of the crown region and crown drenching with Copper Oxychloride 0.25%. Pale yellow spots on leaves; entire leaves yellowing; leaves turning brown and dropping prematurely; adult insect is a flattened oval, resembling a scale, which is red-brown in color. Cut and remove disease advanced, uneconomical palms yielding less than ten nuts per palm per year, Grow green manure crops – cowpea, sunhemp (. Leaf rot disease commonly occurs on coconut palms already affected by root wilt disease especially in 8 southern districts of Kerala, namely Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Ernakulam, Idukki, and Thrissur, besides Theni, Tirunelveli, Coimbatore and Kanyakumari districts of Tamil Nadu. Adopt proper spacing and avoid over crowding in bud rot prone gardens. coconut, recently emerging leaf blight caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the major diseases causing signi cant yield losses of 10-25 per cent. If control measures are warranted, improve nutrition and growing conditions. The most damaging is the coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor). When it rains, a small quantity of the fungicide is released from the sachets to the leaf base, thus protecting the palm. Management Control of the disease is reliant on good sanitation practices and the use of appropriate systemic fungicides; remove all infected debris and dead trees from plantation and destroy; irrigate trees early in the day to allow surfaces to dry off during the … Older fronds begin to droop and collapse while new fronds will be stunted and pale in color. Crop: Coconut, Scientific Name: Cocos nucifera Family: Arecaceae : Tanjore wilt/ Basal stem end rot/ Ganoderma wilt : Bud rot : Leaf blight : Stem bleeding disease Live Phone-in at 1.30pm on 12-03-2018 Dr. Devappa, Pathologist, College of Horticulture, Bengaluru. Hence it may be preferred in acid soils. Diseases of Jasmine and Crossandra 168-169 25. Apply coal tar after 1-2 days on the treated portion. Management Control of the disease is reliant on good sanitation practices and the use of appropriate systemic fungicides; remove all infected debris and dead trees from plantation and destroy; irrigate trees early in the day to allow surfaces to dry off during the … Injury or damage to roots and pruning and cutting of the roots Raising and ploughingin situ of green manure crops like sunhempand … Beetles are nocturnal and fly at night; also a damaging pest of oil palm. Even so, they are susceptible to some coconut palm diseases and environmental stresses, such as coconut wilting. The tissues on the bleeding spots are soft to touch. Gradually these spots enlarge and coalesce resulting in extensive rotting. Overall disease development is favoured by high humidity. Nuts falling prematurely; withering inflorescences; yellowing leaves which then turn brown; orange to red-brown ring of discoloration when a cross section is taken of lower stem. Basal tissues of the leaf rot quickly and can be easily separated from the crown. This can be prepared by mixing phorate 10 G with 200 g sand or powdered neem cake 250 g. Mix equal quantity of sand around the base of the spindle. Crown damaged palms. Severe infestation leads to skeletonization of fronds. Growing green manure crops like sunn hemp, sesbania, cowpea and calapagonium in the coconut basin and their incorporation. Coconut Diseases And Their Management. Home . Root (wilt) Disease: unknown etiology 4. Area with cadang-cadang disease showing trees in the early, medium and late stages of the disease. Diseases of Coconut and Oil palm 138-145 18. The beetles suck the green pigment of the young leaves, leaving it dry and brown. Palms between 14 and 40 years old most susceptible; disease occurs in all coconut growing regions; diseases emergence favored by high rainfall. (Dissolve 100 gm of copper sulfate and 100 gm of quick lime each in 500ml. The disease is transmitted by lace bug Stephanitis typica and the plant hopper Proutis tamoesta. The beetles suck the green pigment of the young leaves, leaving it dry and brown. Maximum incidence was observed during summer months. Newly formed nuts more rounded than in previous years; nuts exhibit scarring on the surface; chlorotic spots on leaves; stunted inflorescences with tip necrosis; leaves begin to decline in size and number; death of palm. The tender leaf base and soft tissues of the crown rot into a slimy mass of decayed material emitting a foul smell. This toolkit has been developed as part of the Coconut Industry Development for the Pacific, funded by the European Union.The CPDT is intended to aid in basic training for the management of coconut pests and diseases in the Pacific. The bark turns brittle and often gets peeled off in flakes, leaving open cracks and crevices. Efficient management of palms suspected to be affected by coconut root (wilt) disease demands control of all pests and diseases and imparting natural resistance and health to the palms through proper manuring and agronomic practices. The affected nuts were desiccated, shrunk, deformed and dropped prematurely and resulting in nut yield loss up to 10 to 25%. The recent discovery of Bogia coconut syndrome in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is the first report of a lethal yellowing disease (LYD) in Oceania. Apply fertilizers for coconut palms in average management at the rate of 1.3 kg urea, 2.00 kg super phosphate and 3.5 kg potash (MOP) / palm/year in the form of urea, rock phosphate and muriate of potash, respectively. If you are lucky enough to have a coconut tree in your landscape, you may witness coconut fruit tree wilting. Palms between 14 and 40 years old most susceptible; disease occurs in all coconut growing regions; diseases emergence favored by high rainfall. LEAF BLIGHT (LB): Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Coconut leafroller pupa, larva and frass. Symptoms Contact no: 0761-4922877, 7999049991, 7999775252, 7987777677 Damages to fruits cause blemishes, deformed and unmarketable. Apply manures in 10 cm deep circular basins at a radius of 2 m from the bole of the palm. Bud Rot Bacterial Leaf Blight Fruit Rot Leaf Blight Leaf Rot Little Leaf Mahali Stem Bleeding Tatipaka Disease Ganoderma Root Rot. The fungus rots the trunk tissue from the outside to the inside. As the leaf unfurls the rotten portions of the lamina dry and gets blown off in the wind, giving a “fan” shape to the leaves. Widespread. Chlorosis of youngest open leaves; leaves rapidly turning necrotic; necrotic spots on leaf bases; unopened spear leaves can be pulled away from the plant easily; removal of unopened spear leaves reveals soft, pink-red tissue with foul smell; leaf necrosis spreading through central crown leaves; woody parts of plant may have water-soaked, pink lesions with dark borders; infected inflorescences abort nuts. Some activities being conducted by the Pathologist with respect to lethal yellowing are: a) Identifying DNA regions of lethal yellowing phytoplasmas which confer differences. Management Dusting the plants with fine sulphur (250-300 mesh) at the rate of 0.5 kg/tree. The production of bunches is affected adversely. Generally they feed on meristematic zone, i.e., the area which is covered by perianth. The fungus Ganoderma sonata causes ganoderma root, which can injure many species of palm trees by feeding on plant tissue. Aureofungin-sol 2 g +1 g Copper Sulphate in 100ml water or 2 ml of Tridemorph in 100 ml water applied as root feeding. The liquid oozing out dries up and turns black. 2017
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