franklin's ground squirrel illinois

[77] They emerge from hibernation with some remaining body fat to live on until the warmer spring weather produces abundant plant materials for food. Both their diet and habit of burrowing make groundhogs serious nuisance animals around farms and gardens. The longest burrow was 24 feet plus 2 short side galleries. [67] Numbers of burrows per individual groundhog decrease with urbanization. [70], Groundhogs are one of the few species that enter into true hibernation, and often build a separate "winter burrow" for this purpose. [45] Woodchucks had protected status in the state of Wisconsin[46] until 2017. There are 198 movies, 60 shorts, and 4 specials in the MST3K canon. The only other animal model for hepatitis B virus studies is the chimpanzee, an endangered species. [53][54] Groundhogs may squeal when fighting, seriously injured, or caught by a predator. [43] In areas of intensive agriculture and the dairying regions of the state of Wisconsin, particularly the southern parts thereof, the woodchuck by 1950 had been almost extirpated. Lenape monachgeu). Aside from one newly inked scholarship signee in Davon Townley, Penn State football had a relatively quiet and stress-free second National Signing Day period.. It constructs dens in well-drained soil, and most have summer and winter dens. [47] Woodchuck numbers appear to have decreased in Illinois. [36][37], Young groundhogs (usually those less than a couple months in age) may also be taken by an American mink, perhaps other smallish mustelids, cats, timber rattlesnakes and hawks. Similar species: Other members of the squirrel family (Sciuridae) that live in Missouri are the eastern chipmunk, woodchuck, thirteen-lined ground squirrel, Franklin's ground squirrel, and southern flying squirrel. We have now placed Twitpic in an archived state. [89][90][91], In the United States and Canada, the yearly February 2 Groundhog Day celebration has given the groundhog recognition and popularity. [51] They prefer to retreat to their burrows when threatened; if the burrow is invaded, the groundhog tenaciously defends itself with its two large incisors and front claws. Squirrels furnish a large supply of meat each year for Missouri hunters. [15][16][17], Male groundhogs average slightly larger than females and, like all marmots, they are considerably heavier during autumn (when engaged in autumn hyperphagia) than when emerging from hibernation in spring. 129–131, Seton, Ernest Thompson, Lives of Game Animals, p. 328, Schoonmaker, W.J., The groundhog, being a lowland animal, is exceptional among marmots. In Missouri, black or albino individuals occur rarely. Unlike other sciurids, the groundhog's tail is comparably shorter—only about one-fourth of body length. A percentage of the woodchuck population is infected with the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV), similar to human hepatitis B virus. The eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) is slender and smaller than the fox squirrel; the fringe of the tail and belly are white; the back and sides of the body are gray (rarely reddish or all black); the total length (tip of nose to tip of tail) reaches 21 inches. Letter, 20 April 1864. In aiding these animals, the groundhog indirectly helps the farmer. (Abraham Johannes) and Evans, Howard E. (Howard Edward). The burrow is used for safety, retreat in bad weather, hibernating, sleeping, love nest, and nursery. [52] Identify and learn how to get rid of moles, voles, squirrels, gophers and groundhogs naturally, and how to keep these animals out of your garden. Marmots, Social Behavior and Biology, 1989, David P. Barash, Stanford University Press, p. 97. The longest, including side galleries, was 47 ft 11.5 in (14.62 m). It was first scientifically described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Monax (Móonack) is an Algonquian name of the woodchuck, which meant "digger" (cf. It is common to see one or more nearly-motionless individuals standing erect on their hind feet watching for danger. Mus monax Linnaeus, 1758 You have to work to produce the sweet and cuddly. The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. There are typically two burrow openings or holes. 5. If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this. This page was last edited on 19 March 2021, at 07:47. Mammals introduced and extinct in the Holocene except Pleistocene/Holocene boundary are included.. Letter, 20 April 1864, from B. The woodchuck, despite its deformities both of mind and body, possesses some of the amenities of a higher civilization. The groundhog is a lowland creature of North America; it is found through much of the eastern United States, across Canada and into Alaska. The "grays" are more common in bottomlands and rivers with a bushy understory, and the "foxes" are more common along higher ridges. [22] The similarity between the words has led to the popular tongue-twister: The groundhog prefers open country and the edges of woodland, and is rarely far from a burrow entrance. Some of these holes were only a few feet deep and never occupied but the numerous burrows gave the impression that groundhogs live in communities. (1995). [10][11] Young groundhogs may be called chucklings.[12]:66. 432 Likes, 4 Comments - George Mason University | GMU (@georgemasonu) on Instagram: “"As a freshman at Mason, I had difficulties being on … ind. [54] Other sounds groundhogs may make are low barks and a sound produced by grinding their teeth. For tutoring please call 856.777.0840 I am a recently retired registered nurse who helps nursing students pass their NCLEX. It cleans its face after the manner of the squirrels, and licks its fur after the manner of a cat. The Wild Mammals of Missouri, Third Revised Edition, Wildflowers, Grasses and Other Nonwoody Plants. There were 14 reported tornadoes in Alabama and Mississippi by Thursday night. Groundhog burrows usually have two to five entrances, providing groundhogs their primary means of escape from predators. In captivity, groundhogs reportedly live up to 14 years. Contemporaneous with the ark, the woodchuck has not made any material progress in social science, and it is now too late to reform the wayward sinner. Schwartz, C. W., & Schwartz, E. R. (2001). The groundhog is a lowland creature of North America; it is found through much of the eastern United States, across Canada and into Alaska. (1966) The World of the Woodchuck p.50, Seton, Ernest Thompson, Lives of Game Animals, Volume IV, p. 318, Schoonmaker, W.J., The World of the Woodchuck, 1966, pp. The average weight of the earth taken from all eleven dens was 384 pounds (174 kg). Despite their heavy-bodied appearance, groundhogs are accomplished swimmers and occasionally climb trees when escaping predators or when they want to survey their surroundings. When alarmed, they use a high-pitched whistle to warn the rest of the colony, hence the name "whistle-pig". Marionville, in southwest Missouri, bills itself as "The Home of the White Squirrel." [72][73] To survive the winter, they are at their maximum weight shortly before entering hibernation. It stems from an Algonquian (possibly Narragansett) name for the animal, wuchak. Very often the dens of groundhogs provide homes for other animals including skunks, red foxes, and cottontail rabbits. These are (1) nuts; (2) fruits and buds of hickory, pecan, walnut, elm, and mulberry trees; and (3) field corn. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Walkers Mammals of the World, Vol. [52] In early spring, dandelion and coltsfoot are important groundhog food items. Groundhogs attain progressively higher weights each year for the first two or three years, after which weight plateaus.[13]. A must-read for English-speaking expatriates and internationals across Europe, Expatica provides a tailored local news service and essential information on living, working, and moving to your country of choice. Most of us recognize mammals easily — they have fur, are warm-blooded, nurse their young, and breathe air. Call 1-800-392-1111 to report poaching and arson, Sciuridae (squirrels) in the order Rodentia. We protect and manage the fish, forest, and wildlife of the state. The Franklin's ground squirrel can be an insidious predator of duck eggs. The importance of acorn and nut crops is shown by the fluctuations in squirrel numbers following years of good or bad mast production. Many of these predators are successful stealth stalkers so can catch groundhogs by surprise before the large rodents can escape to their burrows; badgers likely hunt them by digging them out from their burrows. One study in Manitoba found that ground squirrels destroyed 19 percent of the duck nests in the area. [59] Instead of storing food, groundhogs stuff themselves to survive the winter without eating. Some additional foods include sheep sorrel, timothy-grass, buttercup, tearthumb, agrimony, red and black raspberries, mulberries, buckwheat, plantain, wild lettuce, all varieties of clover, and alfalfa. [49] W.J. The names aptly describe their general coat color: the first is usually gray, the other is usually reddish yellow. 1, 1991. page 569, "Wisconsin Gov. [97], Robert Frost's poem "A Drumlin Woodchuck" uses the imagery of a groundhog dug into a small ridge as a metaphor for his emotional reticence. [26], Wild predators of adult groundhogs in most of eastern North America include coyotes, badgers,[27] bobcats and foxes (largely only red fox). As birth of the young approaches in April or May, the male leaves the den. Adults may measure from 41.8 to 68.5 cm (16.5 to 27.0 in) in total length including a tail of 9.5 to 18.7 cm (3.7 to 7.4 in). He said it was possible to conclude, alternatively, that upright play-fighting is part of the woodchuck's behavioral repertory but rarely shown because of physical spacing and/or low social tolerance.[55]. The groundhog (Marmota monax), also known as a woodchuck, is a rodent of the family Sciuridae, belonging to the group of large ground squirrels known as marmots. The 1993 comedy film Groundhog Day references several events related to Groundhog Day, and portrays both Punxsutawney Phil himself, and the annual Groundhog Day ceremony. Famous Southern groundhogs include General Beauregard Lee, based at the Dauset Trails Nature Center outside Atlanta, Georgia. Distance between bounds is 16 inches (varies with pace; running, it may be 30 inches). The World of the Woodchuck, 1966, p. 133. Economically, squirrels do some harm when they take food from cornfields. At this time, if at all, the father groundhog comes back to the family. The woodchuck is not only a nuisance, but also a bore. [13][14][15] Weights of adult groundhogs, typically at least, fall between 2 and 6.3 kg (4.4 and 13.9 lb). One is the main entrance, the other a spy hole. Unlike larger predators, which destroy an entire clutch at once (thereby enabling the hen to renest), these rodents steal eggs one at a time over a period of several days. Becker, T. E.; Smith, D. G.; Bosakowski, T. (2006). Read online books for free new release and bestseller None of these are likely to be confused with the two tree squirrels described here. [60] Thought not to drink water, groundhogs are reported to obtain needed liquids from the juices of food-plants, aided by their sprinkling with rain or dew.[61][62][63]. DNR, Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Groundhog, Woodchucks Are in the Lab, but Their Body Clocks Are Wild, The New York Times, Les Line, January 29, 1997, The Virtual Nature Trail at Penn State New Kensington Species Pages Scientific name: Marmota monax Common name: woodchuck, Seton, Ernest Thompson, Lives of Game Animals, Human development, which often produces openings juxtaposed with second growth trees that are incidentally also favored by groundhogs, often ensures that groundhogs in well-developed areas are nearly free of predators, beyond humans (through various forms of pest control or roadkills) or mid-to-large sized dogs. With in-depth features, Expatica brings the international community closer together. [3] The Buffalo News, "Sean Kirst: For Dunkirk Dave's caretaker, every day is Groundhog Day", February 1, 2018, The Winchester Star, Christopher Early, The squirrel's tail is often edged with white and is not as thick as in other tree squirrels in North America. They may girdle ornamental trees, particularly in early spring when they gnaw the inner bark. pp. [92], Groundhogs are used in medical research on hepatitis B-induced liver cancer. This burrow is usually in a wooded or brushy area and is dug below the frost line and remains at a stable temperature well above freezing during the winter months. In these towns, residents build squirrel houses, feed the squirrels, plant nut trees, and enact ordinances forbidding the killing of their local mascot animal. In the prairie regions of the state, fox squirrels are found along the few remaining Osage orange hedge fences, in farm woodlots, along timbered fence rows, and in timbered draws. Occasionally, they damage the insulation on outdoor electrical wiring and frequently become a nuisance when they gain access to the attics of homes. The amount of soil taken from this den was 8 US bushels (0.28 m3) and it weighed 640 pounds (290 kg). Arctomys monax (Linnaeus, 1758), The groundhog (Marmota monax), also known as a woodchuck, is a rodent of the family Sciuridae, belonging to the group of large ground squirrels known as marmots. An adult groundhog can eat more than a pound of vegetation daily. Similar species: Other members of the squirrel family (Sciuridae) that live in Missouri are the eastern chipmunk, woodchuck, thirteen-lined ground squirrel, Franklin's ground squirrel, and southern flying squirrel. In addition to providing homes for itself and other animals, the groundhog aids in soil improvement by bringing subsoil to the surface. Occasionally, woodchucks may suffer from parasitism and a woodchuck may die from infestation or from bacteria transmitted by vectors. Groundhogs are excellent burrowers, using burrows for sleeping, rearing young, and hibernating. They favor the loose soil of the esker at the site lies, and their burrow digging has brought many objects to the surface: human and animal bones, pottery, and bits of stone. [93] Woodchucks are also used in biomedical research investigating metabolic function, obesity, energy balance, the endocrine system, reproduction, neurology, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and neoplastic disease. 6. The eastern fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) is heavy-bodied and larger than the gray squirrel; the fringe of the tail and belly are reddish yellow; the back and sides of the body are reddish yellow mixed with gray (rarely, the body may be all black); the total length (tip of nose to tip of tail) reaches 29 inches. Special feature "The Study of Groundhogs: A Real Life Look at Marmots", Movie "Groundhog Day" 15th Anniversary Edition. Bolgiano, C., & Roberts, J. Mystery Science Theater 3000 (1988–1999; 2017–2018) is an American TV show that mocks bad movies by riffing on their strange characters, absurd settings, and silly plot twists, interspersing erudite cultural quips with schoolboy jokes and general zaniness. About 490 species of mammals are recorded in the United States. The committee concludes that "a small bounty will prove of incalculable good; at all events, even as an experiment, it is certainly worth trying; therefore your committee would respectfully recommend that the accompanying bill be passed. In addition to the nest, there is an excrement chamber. In most areas, groundhogs hibernate from October to March or April, but in more temperate areas, they may hibernate as little as three months. [74] When the groundhog enters hibernation, there is a drop in body temperature to as low as 35 degrees Fahrenheit, heart rate falls to 4–10 beats per minute and breathing rate falls to one breath every six minutes. Most litters are born in February or March, and July or August. 300–301. Your committee is too wise, however, to be deceived by this purely superficial observation of better habits. "Library holds Groundhog Day celebration", p. 1A, February 6, 2017, Winchester Star, Centerpiece, "Local groundhog predicts 6 more weeks of winter", February 2, 2018, Cathy Kuehner. Towns that support large populations of white squirrels (albino and/or white-furred variants of the eastern gray squirrel) have an enduring draw for tourism. [96] Woodchuck remains were found in the Indian mounds at Aztalan, Jefferson County, Wisconsin. None of these are likely to be confused with the two tree squirrels described here. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology: Ecological and Evolutionary Approaches, Vol. A mated pair remains in the same den throughout the 31- to 32-day[81] gestation period. Browse our inventory of new and used VAL6 Other For Sale near you at TractorHouse.com. [74] Males emerge from hibernation before females. Here you can download species range data and habitat distribution data with modelling parameters. The eastern gray squirrel and eastern fox squirrel are the most common members of the squirrel family in Missouri. Download free books in PDF format. Pregnancy requires about 45 days. I have been a nurse since 1997. [75] During hibernation, they experience periods of torpor and arousal. Other marmots, such as the yellow-bellied and hoary marmots, live in rocky and mountainous areas. These staple winter foods have an important influence on the physical condition of the females that must produce next year's young. Both species also live in urban areas, especially where large oak and hickory trees are common. A litter comprises 1–8 young, but 2 or 3 are most common. [50] 1, pp. [68][69], Bachman mentioned that when the young groundhogs are a few months old, they prepare for separation, digging a number of holes in the area of their early home. [76] Hibernating woodchucks lose as much as half their body weight by February. His natural impulse is to kill ’em all and let God sort ’em out. [13][18] Seasonal weight changes indicate circannual deposition and use of fat. Description of the length of the burrow often includes side galleries. Ernest Thompson, Lives of Game Animals, Volume IV, p. 300, Canadian Wildlife Federation - Faune et flore du pays -, Seton, Ernest Thompson, Lives of Game Animals. [85], A report in 1883 by the New Hampshire Legislative Woodchuck Committee describes the groundhog's objectionable character:[86]. [13][15][38][39][40], Beyond their large size, groundhogs have several successful anti-predator behaviors, usually retreating to the safety of their burrow which most predators will not attempt to enter, but also being ready to fight off with their sharp claws and large incisors any who press the attack. Mostly herbivorous, groundhogs eat primarily wild grasses and other vegetation, including berries and agricultural crops, when available. Red-tailed hawks can take groundhogs at least of up to the size of yearling juveniles, and northern goshawks can take them up to perhaps weak emergent-adult groundhogs in the Spring. Both are vital transportation routes. Outside their burrow, individuals are alert when not actively feeding. 122 talking about this. [78][79] Groundhogs are mostly diurnal, and are often active early in the morning or late afternoon. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. [58] In early June, woodchucks' metabolism slows, and while their food intake decreases, their weight increases by as much as 100% as they produce fat deposits to sustain them during hibernation and late winter. Sometimes black individuals occur in the same litter with gray ones; these may be entirely glossy black or show various gradations between black and gray. Groundhogs are generally agonistic and territorial among their own species and may skirmish to establish dominance. (See Notes below for help on using this page.) [12]:41–43 Ken Armitage, marmot researcher, states that the social biology of the groundhog is poorly studied. Its large black eyes are encircled by white bands. The fox and skunk feed upon field mice, grasshoppers, beetles and other creatures that destroy farm crops. The hibernation or nest chamber is lined with dead leaves and dried grasses. Lehrer, E. W., Schooley, R. L., & Whittington, J. K. (2011). Schoonmaker reports that groundhogs may hide when they see, smell or hear the observer. [84] In some parts of the U.S., they have been eaten. [-----], B. The Ohio River and the Missouri River, which are tributaries of the Mississippi River, flow into the Mississippi at Cairo, Illinois, and St. Louis, Missouri. This list is probably incomplete. Squirrels provide considerable pleasure for city dwellers who observe them around their homes and in parks. The young are hairless at birth, have their eyes and ears closed, and possess well-developed claws. Page 1 of 1. We facilitate and provide opportunity for all citizens to use, enjoy, and learn about these resources. Hopping pattern has front feet behind hind feet, with each cluster of 4 tracks about 4 inches long. ••• Tag them to make sure they apply…” [66] W. H. Fisher investigated nine burrows, finding the deepest point 49 inches (120 cm) down. to Which is Added, by Way of Appendix, an Essay on a Reformed Mode of Spelling, With Dr. Franklin's Arguments on that Subject (English) (as Author) The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: Section A and B (English) (as Author) The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: Section C … Constant usage wears them down again by about that much each week. Humans do not receive hepatitis from woodchucks with WHV but the virus and its effects on the liver make the woodchuck the best available animal for the study of viral hepatitis in humans. It was first scientifically described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The victims range in age from 20 to 65. The groundhog is also a valuable game animal and is considered a difficult sport when hunted in a fair manner. Likewise, great horned owls can reportedly, per Bent (1938), prey upon groundhogs, but this owl rarely does so, especially given the temporal differences in their behaviors. They will eat many commonly grown vegetables, and their burrows can undermine foundations. [80], Usually groundhogs breed in their second year, but a small proportion may breed in their first. The foods of squirrels are varied, but of the 100 different species of plants eaten, only a few are important staple sources. 2,434 Likes, 122 Comments - University of South Carolina (@uofsc) on Instagram: “Do you know a future Gamecock thinking about #GoingGarnet? Doug Schwartz, a zookeeper and groundhog trainer at the Staten Island Zoo, has been quoted as saying "They’re known for their aggression, so you’re starting from a hard place. Adult males average year-around weight 3.83 kg (8.4 lb), with spring to fall average weights of 3.1 to 5.07 kg (6.8 to 11.2 lb) while females average 3.53 kg (7.8 lb), with spring to fall averages of 3.08 to 4.8 kg (6.8 to 10.6 lb). "[88] Groundhogs cared for in wildlife rehabilitation that survive but cannot be returned to the wild may remain with their caregivers and become educational ambassadors. Albino individuals occur occasionally; in some instances where this characteristic is common in the heredity of a local population, small colonies of albinos may be formed. The most popularly known of these groundhogs are Punxsutawney Phil, Wiarton Willie, Jimmy the Groundhog, Dunkirk Dave, and Staten Island Chuck kept as part of Groundhog Day festivities in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania; Wiarton, Ontario; Sun Prairie, Wisconsin; Dunkirk, New York; and Staten Island respectively. "Okay. Total length: 14–21 inches (gray), 19–29 inches (fox); weight: ¾–1½ pounds (gray), 1–3 pounds (fox). Human activity has increased food access and abundance, allowing M. monax to thrive. Expatica is the international community’s online home away from home. The many predators of squirrels include coyotes, foxes, domestic cats and dogs, bobcats, raccoons, owls, hawks, and tree-climbing snakes. Models include KBE5L, MPX, DAYSTAR, FIR1300, EPX, and KBE5S. [24] Marmota monax has a wide geographic range. [53] In a June 7, 2009, Humane Society of the United States article, "How to Humanely Chuck a Woodchuck Out of Your Yard", John Griffin, director of Humane Wildlife Services, stated you would have to have a lot of woodchucks working over a lot of years to create tunnel systems that would pose any risk to a structure. In gray squirrels, the mating period begins in late December or early January and again from late May to early July. It is about 16 inches (41 cm) wide and 14 inches (36 cm) high. These, along with other smaller rivers, help make up the Mississippi River Basin. [4], The groundhog is also referred to as a chuck, wood-shock, groundpig, whistlepig,[5][6] whistler, thickwood badger, Canada marmot, monax, moonack, weenusk, red monk,[7] land beaver,[8] and, among French Canadians in eastern Canada, siffleux. Olney, Illinois, and Kenton, Tennessee, also proudly tout their white squirrel populations and sell souvenirs and tee shirts to tourists. [25], In the wild, groundhogs can live up to six years with two or three being average. They can also scale trees to escape a threat.[41][42]. Burrows can pose a serious threat to agricultural and residential development by damaging farm machinery and even undermining building foundations. [19] Unlike the incisors of many other rodents, the incisors of groundhogs are white to ivory-white. [44]:124 Gray squirrel tracks are smaller than fox squirrel tracks. Squirrel tracks typically lead from tree to tree. Groundhogs have four incisor teeth which grow 1.5 mm (​1⁄16 inch) per week. Automobiles kill many squirrels annually. Coyotes in particular are sizable enough to overpower any groundhog, with the latter being the third most significant prey species per a statewide study in Pennsylvania. [-----], hospital, 2nd Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, in Louisa County, Virginia, to his wife, possibly in North Carolina, regarding his work in the 2nd Corps hospital in Louisa County, noting one patient with smallpox, and commenting that the overall number of sick in the hospital is down. Jackson (1961) suggested that, although the amount of damage done by the woodchuck had been exaggerated, the excessive persecution by people pursuant thereto had substantially reduced its numbers in Wisconsin. Bezuidenhout, A. J. Walker signs woodchuck hunting bill" Chicago Tribune, November 13, 2017, Groundhog-Illinois DNR, OutdoorIllinois, July 2008, "The Creature That Keeps Digging", Kari Thornton, p.20. Archaeologists have never excavated the Ufferman Site, but the activities of local groundhogs have revealed numerous artifacts. Voigt, D. R., Kolenosky, G. B., & Pimlott, D. H. (1976). [71] Groundhogs hibernate longer in northern latitudes than southern latitudes. From 600,000 to 700,000 squirrels are taken annually in Missouri. Witmer, G. W., Pipas, M. J., & Hayden, A. Couser, W., Sargent, P., Brownhill, L. E., & Benirschke, K. (1963). A squirrel's home is a leafy nest located in a cavity or fork of a tree. p. 306, Effects of Urbanization on Survival Rates, Anti-Predator Behavior, and Movements of Woodchucks (Marmota monax), Elizabeth L. Watson, Latitudinal Differences in the Hibernation Characteristics of Woodchucks (Marmota monax), "[87], Groundhogs may be raised in captivity, but their aggressive nature can pose problems. Squirrels' habit of storing nuts in the ground results in the eventual germination of many unrecovered nuts.Thus they essentially "plant" nuts that grow into trees that furnish not only food and shelter for subsequent squirrel populations, but also timber of economic value to humans. [34][35] Golden eagles can also prey on adult groundhogs, but seldom occur in the same range or in the same habitats as this marmot. Mammalian Species, Issue 591, 04 December 1998, Marmota monax, Gary G. Kwiecinski p. 3, Schoonmaker, W.J. In some areas marmots are important game animals and are killed regularly for sport, food, or fur. The groundhog is by far the largest sciurid in its geographical range, excepting British Columbia where its range may abut that of its somewhat larger cousin, the hoary marmot. This squirrel's compact, muscled body, strong claws, and strong back legs make it good at climbing and running through trees. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, North American Mammals, Marmota monax, Woodchuck, Seton, Ernest Thompson Lives of Game Animals, Volume IV, p. 300, Seton, In Kentucky an estimated 267,500 M. monax were taken annually from 1964 to 1971 (Barbour and Davis 1974). Dear Twitpic Community - thank you for all the wonderful photos you have taken over the years. [20][21] Groundhogs are well-adapted for digging, with short, powerful limbs and curved, thick claws. Segelken, Roger Cornell (February 1, 1966) "At Cornell, groundhog is harbinger of health". 7. Penn State News, (January 29, 2009) "Professor studies groundhog hibernation to benefit mankind", "Where Do The Terms 'Woodchuck' And 'Flatlander' Come From? ", Lyrics and Words for Children's Nursery Rhymes and Songs, "Wisconsin's endangered and threatened species laws", Hinterland Who's Who ("Canadian Wildlife Service: Mammals: Woodchuck"), "Celebrate Groundhog Day With Groundhog Recipes", "Grooming a Weatherman for his TV Debut, and Hoping He Doesn't Bite The Host", "Groundhog Day is steeped in tradition but isn't the most accurate, according to weather almanacs", "Two Woodchucks, or Frost and Thoreau on the Art of the Burrow", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Groundhog&oldid=1012959780, Articles with dead external links from January 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Taxonbars with automatically added original combinations, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.

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